Ukadaulo wa X-ray wasintha kwambiri mankhwala amakono, kukhala chida chofunikira kwambiri chodziwira ndi kuchiza matenda osiyanasiyana. Pamtima pa ukadaulo wa X-ray ndiX-ray chubu, chipangizo chomwe chimapanga cheza cha electromagnetic, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zithunzi za mkati mwa thupi la munthu.
An X-ray chubuimakhala ndi cathode, anode ndi chubu cha vacuum. Cathode imakhala yolakwika ndipo nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi tungsten, pomwe anode imakhala ndi mlandu wabwino ndipo nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi mkuwa kapena tungsten. Pamene cathode imatenthedwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu, ma elekitironi amatulutsidwa ndikufulumizitsa ku anode, kumene amawombana ndi zomwe akufuna. Kugunda kumeneku kumapanga ma X-ray photon omwe amadutsa mu chubu cha vacuum ndikulowa mu chinthu chomwe chikuwunikiridwa.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pa chubu cha X-ray ndi kuthekera kwa anode kutaya kutentha komwe kumapangidwa ndi ma elekitironi akugundana ndi chandamale. Anode nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi masinthidwe a disk ozungulira omwe amapangidwa kuti azitha kutentha bwino ndikusunga kukhulupirika kwa chipangizocho. Pamene ukadaulo wa anode ukupita patsogolo, machubu atsopano amatha kupanga zithunzi zapamwamba pomwe amafunikira kusamalidwa kochepa komanso moyo wautali.
Mbali ina yofunika kwambiri paukadaulo wa X-ray ndikuwongolera kutulutsa kwa radiation. Chifukwa chakuti kutenthedwa ndi ma radiation ochuluka kungawononge thupi la munthu, machubu amakono a X-ray amapangidwa kuti achepetse kufalikira kwa cheza. Mwachitsanzo, machubu ena a X-ray amakhala ndi zowongolera zomwe zimasintha mawonekedwe a radiation potengera kukula kwa thupi ndi mtundu wa minofu. Izi zimabweretsa kujambulidwa kolondola komanso kutsika kwa radiation.
Pomaliza, zamakonoX-ray machubuali ndi zina zowonjezera zomwe zimawonjezera magwiridwe antchito komanso kugwiritsa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, machubu ena amakhala ndi chidwi chosinthika, zomwe zimalola ogwiritsa ntchito kusintha kukula ndi mawonekedwe a mtengo wa X-ray kuti agwirizane ndi zosowa zawo. Machubu ena ali ndi makina ozizirira apamwamba kwambiri kuti agwiritse ntchito nthawi yayitali, kuchepetsa nthawi yopumira ndikuwonjezera mphamvu.
Pomaliza, ukadaulo wa X-ray chubu wabwera patali kuyambira pomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndipo ikupitilizabe mpaka pano. Kupyolera mukusintha kwaukadaulo wa anode, zowongolera zowunikira ma radiation, ndi luso lina lamakonoX-ray machubundi ntchito yochititsa chidwi ya uinjiniya yomwe yathandiza akatswiri azachipatala ambiri kuzindikira ndi kuchiza matenda osiyanasiyana. Pamene ukadaulo ukupitilirabe kusinthika, ndizosangalatsa kulingalira zomwe zapita patsogolo muukadaulo wa X-ray chubu zomwe zingatilole kukwaniritsa mtsogolo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-08-2023