Kodi X-ray chubu ndi chiyani?

Machubu a X-ray ndi ma vacuum diode omwe amagwira ntchito mothamanga kwambiri.
Chubu cha X-ray chimakhala ndi maelekitirodi awiri, anode ndi cathode, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti chandamale chiwombedwe ndi ma electron ndi filament kutulutsa ma electron, motsatana. Mitengo yonseyi imasindikizidwa mu galasi la vacuum kapena nyumba za ceramic.

Gawo lamagetsi la chubu la X-ray lili ndi mphamvu yocheperako yotenthetsera filament ndi jenereta yamagetsi yamagetsi yogwiritsira ntchito voteji yayikulu pamitengo iwiri. Pamene waya wa tungsten udutsa pakali pano kuti upange mtambo wa electron, ndipo magetsi okwanira (pa dongosolo la kilovolts) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakati pa anode ndi cathode, mtambo wa electron umakokedwa ku anode. Panthawiyi, ma electron amagunda chandamale cha tungsten mu mphamvu yamphamvu komanso yothamanga kwambiri. Ma elekitironi othamanga kwambiri amafika pamalo omwe akuwafuna, ndipo kuyenda kwawo kumatsekedwa mwadzidzidzi. Gawo laling'ono la mphamvu zawo za kinetic limasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu ya radiation ndikutulutsidwa mu mawonekedwe a X-ray. Ma radiation opangidwa mwanjira imeneyi amatchedwa bremsstrahlung.

Kusintha kwa ulusi wamakono kungasinthe kutentha kwa filament ndi kuchuluka kwa ma elekitironi otulutsidwa, potero kusintha chubu panopa ndi mphamvu ya X-ray. Kusintha kuthekera kwachisangalalo kwa chubu cha X-ray kapena kusankha chandamale china kungasinthe mphamvu ya chochitika cha X-ray kapena kulimba kwa mphamvu zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa cha kuphulika kwa ma elekitironi amphamvu kwambiri, chubu cha X-ray chimagwira ntchito pa kutentha kwakukulu, zomwe zimafuna kuziziritsa mokakamiza kwa chandamale cha anode.

Ngakhale kuti mphamvu zamachubu a X-ray kuti apange X-ray ndizochepa kwambiri, pakali pano, machubu a X-ray akadali zipangizo zopangira X-ray ndipo akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida za X-ray. Pakali pano, ntchito zachipatala zimagawidwa m'machubu a X-ray ndi achire X-ray machubu.