Pankhani ya kujambula ndi kufufuza zachipatala, luso la X-ray lakhala likuthandiza kwambiri kwa zaka zambiri. Pakati pa zigawo zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapanga makina a X-ray, chubu chokhazikika cha anode X-ray chakhala chofunikira kwambiri pazida. Machubuwa samangopereka ma radiation omwe amafunikira pakujambula, komanso amawunika momwe dongosolo lonse la X-ray limagwirira ntchito. Mubulogu iyi, tiwona momwe machubu a X-ray a anode osasunthika komanso kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kukusinthira gawo lofunikirali.
Kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka kubadwa kwamakono:
Machubu a X-ray a anodeali ndi mbiri yayitali kuyambira pomwe Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen adatulukira koyamba kwa X-ray kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20. Poyamba, machubuwo anali ndi mpanda wagalasi wosavuta wokhala ndi cathode ndi anode. Chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwake kwakukulu, anode nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi tungsten, yomwe imatha kuwonetsedwa ndi kutuluka kwa ma electron kwa nthawi yaitali popanda kuwonongeka.
M'kupita kwa nthawi, pamene kufunikira kwa kujambula molondola komanso molondola kunakula, kupita patsogolo kwakukulu kwapangidwa pakupanga ndi kumanga machubu a anode X-ray osasunthika. Kuyambitsidwa kwa machubu ozungulira a anode ndi kupanga zida zamphamvu zomwe zimalola kuti kutentha kuchuluke komanso kutulutsa mphamvu zambiri. Komabe, mtengo ndi zovuta zamachubu ozungulira a anode zachepetsa kutengera kwawo kufalikira, kupangitsa kuti machubu okhazikika a anode akhale chisankho chachikulu pakujambula zamankhwala.
Zomwe zachitika posachedwa mu machubu okhazikika a X-ray anode:
Posachedwapa, kusintha kwakukulu kwaukadaulo kwapangitsa kuyambiranso kutchuka kwa machubu a X-ray a anode. Kupita patsogolo kumeneku kumathandizira kukulitsa luso la kujambula, kutulutsa mphamvu zambiri, komanso kukana kutentha kwambiri, kuwapangitsa kukhala odalirika komanso ogwira mtima kuposa kale.
Chodziwika bwino ndikugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zotsutsa monga molybdenum ndi tungsten-rhenium alloys ngati zinthu za anode. Zitsulozi zimakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti machubu azitha kupirira mphamvu zambiri komanso nthawi yayitali yowonekera. Chitukukochi chathandizira kwambiri kupititsa patsogolo khalidwe lachifaniziro ndi kuchepetsa nthawi yojambula muzofukufuku.
Kuphatikiza apo, njira yatsopano yozizirira idayambitsidwa kuti iwonetse kutentha komwe kumachitika panthawi ya X-ray. Ndi kuwonjezera kwa zitsulo zamadzimadzi kapena zopangira ma anode opangidwa mwapadera, mphamvu ya kutentha kwa machubu okhazikika a anode imakulitsidwa kwambiri, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kutenthedwa ndi kukulitsa moyo wonse wa machubu.
Chinthu chinanso chosangalatsa ndikuphatikiza matekinoloje amakono oyerekeza monga zowonera digito ndi ma aligorivimu okonza zithunzi okhala ndi machubu okhazikika a anode X-ray. Kuphatikizika kumeneku kumathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zapamwamba zopezera zithunzi monga digito tomosynthesis ndi cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), zomwe zimapangitsa kukonzanso kwa 3D kolondola komanso kuzindikira bwino.
Pomaliza:
Pomaliza, njira yopitamachubu a anode a X-ray ikusintha mosalekeza kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira za kujambula kwachipatala kwamakono. Kupita patsogolo kwa zinthu, njira zoziziritsira, ndi kuphatikiza kwa matekinoloje ojambulira otsogola kwasintha gawo lofunika kwambiri la makina a X-ray. Zotsatira zake, akatswiri azaumoyo tsopano atha kupatsa odwala chithunzithunzi chabwinoko, kuwonetsa kuchepa kwa ma radiation komanso chidziwitso cholondola. Zikuwonekeratu kuti machubu okhazikika a X-ray a anode adzapitirizabe kugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazithunzi zachipatala, kuyendetsa zatsopano komanso kuthandizira kupititsa patsogolo chisamaliro cha odwala.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-15-2023